Topiary

Understanding Topiary: An Overview

Topiary is the practice of shaping trees and shrubs into intricate designs, often resembling animals, geometric shapes, or abstract forms. This ancient gardening technique dates back to Roman times and has continued to evolve, captivating gardeners and landscape artists worldwide.

The Appeal of Topiary

Topiary is not just about shaping plants; it's about creating living sculptures that add a touch of elegance and artistry to any garden. These meticulously trimmed plants can serve as focal points, borders, or standalone pieces that bring a sense of whimsy and creativity to outdoor spaces.

Choosing the Right Topiary Plants in NZ

Selecting the right plants is crucial for successful topiary. In New Zealand, several plant species are popular choices for topiary due to their growth habits and hardiness.

Popular Topiary Trees in NZ

There are several trees that are well suited to topiary in NZ.

• Yew (Taxus): Yew trees are favored for their dark green foliage and ability to be pruned into tall, intricate shapes.
• Podocarpus: A New Zealand native with several species suitable for topiary and affording a more natural look.
• Ilex (Holly): Provides year-round interest with its glossy leaves and berries on some varieties.
• Ficus: A versatile option, with many varieties suitable for indoor and outdoor use.
• Pittosporum: Another classic option with varieties suitable for creating elegant and lush balls.

Topiary Balls: A Classic Choice

Topiary balls are a classic and versatile design that can complement any garden style. They can be used in formal gardens, as pathway markers, or in pots to add structure and formality.

Tips for Selecting Topiary Plants

• Consider The Growth Rate: Choose plants that grow at a manageable rate for your design and maintenance capabilities.
• Climate Suitability: Ensure the plant species is suitable for your local climate.
• Maintenance Requirements: Some topiary designs require more frequent trimming and care than others. Balls are relatively easy, but sculpted shapes can be more challenging to maintain.

Creating Your Topiary Design

Once you've chosen your plants, the next step is to design and shape them into your desired form. This process requires patience, precision, and a few essential tools.

Tools You Will Need

• Sharp Shears or secateurs: Essential for precise cuts and maintaining clean lines.
• Topiary Frames: These can guide the shaping process for complex designs.
• String and Stakes: Useful for marking and supporting taller structures.

Basic Topiary Techniques

1. Regular trimming encourages dense foliage and maintains the shape of your design. Always prune back to a leaf or bud to ensure the plant can shoot away again.
2. Start with a simple form and gradually refine the shape over time. For beginners, spheres and spirals are great starting points.
3. Begin shaping plants when they are young and flexible. This makes it easier to guide their growth into the desired form.

Advanced Topiary Techniques

For those looking to create more complex designs, consider using wire frames or moulds as guides. These can be particularly helpful for intricate shapes like animals or abstract forms.

Maintaining Your Topiary Creations

Proper maintenance is essential for keeping your topiary looking its best year-round. Here are some tips to ensure your plants thrive:

• Regular pruning is crucial to maintain the shape and health of your topiary. Trim your plants at least once or twice a year, ideally in the spring and late summer. Use sharp, clean shears to make precise cuts and avoid damaging the foliage.
• Topiary plants require consistent watering, especially during dry spells. Ensure your plants receive adequate moisture without becoming waterlogged. Additionally, feed your topiary balls with a shrub fertiliser in spring to promote healthy growth.
• Keep an eye out for common pests and diseases that can affect topiary plants, such as box blight or aphids. Regularly inspect your plants and take action at the first sign of trouble.

Inspiring Topiary Designs from NZ Gardens

New Zealand is home to some of the most breathtaking topiary gardens. Here are a few examples to inspire your own creations:

1. Formal Gardens: These often feature symmetrical topiary designs, such as pyramids and spirals, creating a sense of order and elegance.
2. Cottage Gardens: Here, topiary adds structure amidst a more informal planting style, offering a delightful contrast.
3. Public Gardens: Many public spaces in NZ showcase grand topiary installations, offering inspiration on a larger scale.