Call us: 0800 843 752Free shipping for orders $150 or over
Gift Vouchers

types of flax

Flax is a versatile and iconic plant in New Zealand gardens, prized for its graceful, architectural foliage and resilience in a variety of conditions. When gardeners search for types of flax, they’re usually thinking of native Phormium species—commonly Known as New Zealand flax—which offer an amazing palette of colours, sizes, and uses in the landscape. Whether you're after a dramatic statement plant or a hardy groundcover, there’s a type of flax perfect for your needs.

A large Phormium 'Jester' plant with colourful foliage.

Phormium 'Jester'

5 from 1 customers

Phormium 'Jester' is a showy variety of Flax that produces leaves that are striped with a broad, pink central band and a dark purple border. This variety typically grows to 1 m tall and the same wide with a tidy and compact habit. Phormium 'Jester' is often added to mixed plantings and borders, used in coastal gardens, planted to accentuate water features such as ponds and streams, or grown around pool and barbecue areas.

Suited to regions: All regions
Plant type: Flaxes
Height: 1.00 m
Spread: 1.00 m
Flowering time: Summer
Tolerances: Coastal, Extended dry periods, Hardy, Wet, Wind
Garden uses: Banks, Borders, Living areas, Parks, Paths & Steps, Ponds, Pool areas, Specimen
Garden styles: Architectural, Backyard, City & Courtyard, Coastal, Frontyard, Japanese, Modern, Native, Riparian
Phormium tenax plant in a garden with green foliage.

Phormium tenax

5 from 2 customers

Phormium tenax, commonly known as the NZ flax or Harakeke, is a flax plant that produces erect, green, sword-like leaves. Stems rise above the foliage in summer to bear twisted-looking flowers that result in black seed pods in autumn, and the nectar produced by the flowers attracts both birds and butterflies. Harakeke grows as a clump to about 2 m tall and the same wide, performing best when planted in full sun on a well-drained site. It is a popular landscape option that is also often used to contrast with other plant colours. Mass planting on a bank not only provides an outstanding display but is also excellent for helping to stabilise the soil.

Suited to regions: All regions
Plant type: Flaxes
Height: 2.00 m
Spread: 2.00 m
Flowering time: Summer
Tolerances: Coastal, Extended dry periods, Hardy, Wet, Wind
Garden uses: Banks, Living areas, Parks, Ponds, Pool areas, Specimen
Garden styles: Architectural, Backyard, City & Courtyard, Coastal, Frontyard, Japanese, Mediterranean, Modern, Native, Riparian
Phormium 'Surfer Bronze' plants for sale at The Plant Company nursery.
Phormium 'Surfer Bronze'

Phormium 'Surfer Bronze' is a compact and stylish New Zealand native flax with narrow, upright leaves in rich bronze tones. This striking ornamental...

From$18.23
Phormium 'Green Dwarf' flax plant in a native garden with Oioi plants.
Phormium 'Green Dwarf'

Phormium 'Green Dwarf', also known as Dwarf Green Flax, is a compact, tidy New Zealand flax cultivar with lush, bright green, strap-like leaves. It...

From$16.13
Phormium 'Jack Spratt' plants for sale at The Plant Company nursery.
Phormium 'Jack Spratt'

Phormium 'Jack Spratt' is one of the smallest New Zealand native flax varieties, admired for its narrow, upright leaves in rich bronze to dark...

From$18.23
A large Phormium 'Dark Delight' plant with elegant, purple foliage.
Phormium 'Dark Delight'

Phormium 'Dark Delight', also known as Dark Purple Flax, is a bold New Zealand native flax prized for its broad, upright leaves in deep purple to...

From$20.93
Phormium 'Emerald Gem' in a native garden.
Phormium 'Emerald Gem'

Phormium 'Emerald Gem' is a dwarf variety of Mountain Flax or Wharariki. It produces emerald-green leaves and grows to 60 cm tall and 70 cm wide in...

From$18.23
Large Black Rage Phormium in a garden with black foliage.
Phormium 'Black Rage'

Phormium 'Black Rage' is a striking New Zealand native flax known for its bold, upright leaves in deep shades of dark purple to near black. This...

From$20.93
Phormium 'Rainbow Red' red and purple striped foliage.
Phormium 'Rainbow Red'

Phormium 'Rainbow Red' is a vibrant New Zealand native flax admired for its bold, arching leaves in shades of bronze, red, and pink. This striking...

From$117.09
Phormium 'Surfer' plants in pots for sale at The Plant Company nursery.
Phormium 'Surfer'

Phormium 'Surfer' is a compact New Zealand native flax admired for its striking green leaves edged with bronze and red tones. Its upright, arching...

From$18.23
dianella-revoluta-kentlyn--2
Dianella Kentlyn

Dianella Kentlyn is a variety of the commonly known, Flax Lily, produces upright, strap-like leaves which are a rich, dark green with a blue...

From$16.13
phormium-stripy-mist-
Phormium 'Stripy Mist'

Phormium 'Stripy Mist' is an attractive New Zealand flax valued for its beautifully variegated foliage featuring soft green leaves striped with...

From$20.93
phormium-veneer-
Phormium 'Veneer'

Phormium 'Veneer' is a striking NZ flax known for its upright, sword like leaves with rich bronze and green tones. This hardy evergreen adds bold...

From$20.18
A mass planting of Dianella caerulea 'Little Jess' plants with lush, green foliage.
Dianella 'Little Jess'

Dianella 'Little Jess' is a variety of NZ Flax Lily that bears spikes carrying delicate, blue flowers in spring above lush, mid-green leaves. Small...

From$20.18
dianella-blaze-
Dianella Blaze

Dianella Blaze features broad and gently arching, bronze-purple leaves that are very showy. It typically grows to 70 cm tall and the same wide...

From$16.13
Phormium cookianum

Phormium cookianum, commonly known as Mountain Flax or Wharariki, is a graceful New Zealand native valued for its arching green leaves and tall...

From$18.23
dianella-caerulea-goddess-
Dianella Goddess

Dianella Goddess is a variety of the commonly known, NZ Flax Lily, and produces upright, strap-like leaves which are a rich, dark green with a blue...

From$20.18
Dianella Revelation plants growing in a garden.
Dianella 'Revelation'

Dianella 'Revelation' features flower stems that rise above the foliage through spring and summer to bear masses of delicate, blue flowers, which...

From$16.13
Dianella tasmanica (Tasman Flax Lily) plants with green foliage and blue flowers.
Dianella tasmanica

Dianella tasmanica, commonly known as the Tasman Flax Lily, produces upright, strap-like leaves which are a rich, dark green and have a lush...

From$18.83
A Sophora chathamica tree growing in a garden with green foliage.
Sophora chathamica

Sophora chathamica (Coastal Kōwhai) is a stunning New Zealand native tree known for its masses of bright yellow flowers that appear in early spring...

From$358.98
Dianella revoluta 'Little Rev' plants in a garden.
Dianella 'Little Rev'

Dianella 'Little Rev' (Blue Flax Lily) is a compact and hardy ornamental grass like plant valued for its attractive blue green foliage and tidy...

From$15.53
A spectacular cluster of Llibertia peregrinans plants with bright orange foliage.
Libertia peregrinans

Libertia peregrinans, commonly known as Orange Libertia or Wandering Mikoikoi, is a colourful New Zealand native groundcover prized for its striking...

From$15.11
solanum-jasminoides-grandiflora-
Solanum jasminoides Grandiflora (Potato Vine)

“Grandiflora” is a variety of the commonly known, Potato Vine, and is an evergreen climber grown for its attractive, long-lasting flowers and...

From$29.63
Persimmon 'Fuyu' orange fruit on a table.
Persimmon Fuyu

Persimmon ‘Fuyu’ is a popular non-astringent variety producing sweet, crisp fruit with smooth orange skin. It’s perfect for eating fresh, drying, or...

From$393.03
Plagianthus regius as a small tree in a garden.
Plagianthus regius (Ribbonwood)

Plagianthus regius, commonly known as Ribbonwood or Manatu, is one of New Zealand’s fastest-growing native trees. It can reach 10–15 metres tall and...

From$24.23
Dianella 'Margaret Pringle' plant in a pot.
Dianella 'Margaret Pringle'

Dianella 'Margaret Pringle' bears spikes carrying delicate, blue flowers in spring, which are followed by small, blue berries in summer. These are...

From$18.83
Libertia grandiflora plant with elegant white flowers and lush, dark green foliage.
Libertia grandiflora (NZ Iris)

Libertia grandiflora, commonly known as NZ Iris, is a hardy New Zealand native perennial admired for its elegant white flowers and sword like green...

From$16.22
Pittosporum 'Mountain Green' lush, green foliage.
Pittosporum 'Mountain Green'

Pittosporum 'Mountain Green' is a robust New Zealand native shrub prized for its vibrant green foliage and dense growth. Perfect for creating privacy...

From$21.53
Hydrangea paniculata 'Limelight' shrubs with lime-green flowers and lush, green foliage.
Hydrangea 'Limelight'

The 'Limelight' Hydrangea is a showstopping variety celebrated for its large, conical lime-green flower heads that gradually soften to cream, blush...

From$30.29
vegetable-plant-fertiliser-
Vegetable Fertiliser (Vegetable Fertiliser)

Vegetable plants respond exceptionally well to The Plant Company’s vegetable fertiliser with better quality produce, higher yields, and a much...

From$12.50
bahco-grafting-knife-1
Bahco Grafting Knife

This grafting knife from Bacho is the industry standard for all types of grafting including cleft, side approach, and air layering. The design...

From$89.98
cordyline-lime-fountain-3
Cordyline Lime Fountain

Cordyline 'Lime Foutain' is a fresh and vibrant evergreen plant admired for its bright lime green foliage and graceful fountain like form. The...

From$29.63
Phormium 'Jester'

Did you find what you are looking for?

You might be interested in exploring related Latin Names - Cordyline, Dianella, Hydrangea, Libertia, Persimmon, Phormium, Pittosporum, Plagianthus Solanum and Sophora, or related Categories - Vegetable Fertiliser, Grafting and Budding, Evergreen Climbers, Flaxes, Persimmon Trees, Deciduous Shrubs, Evergreen Shrubs Deciduous Trees and Evergreen Trees.

Search types of flax

What Are the Main Types of Flax?

The two primary species of New Zealand flax are Phormium tenax and Phormium cookianum. Both produce strappy leaves, but they differ in growth habits, leaf width, and typical size. Phormium tenax tends to have broader leaves, stands tall, and can grow up to 3 metres high. Phormium cookianum, in contrast, has softer, arching, narrower leaves and lends itself well to smaller gardens and containers.

Popular Phormium Cultivars

Modern flax breeding has exploded the range of colours and forms available. Here are some standout cultivars you’ll find in New Zealand nurseries:

Growing and Using Different Types of Flax

All types of flax are remarkably wind and salt-tolerant, making them a favourite for coastal gardens. They're tough in full sun, and their root systems help prevent erosion and stabilise banks. Compact Phormium cultivars suit courtyards, while larger varieties make excellent privacy screens or windbreaks. Their dramatic silhouettes also add height and structure to mixed perennial beds.

Choosing the Right Flax for Your Landscape

When choosing among the many types of flax, consider the size and style of your garden, desired foliage colours, and local growing conditions. Whether you prefer the vivid stripes of Phormium 'Licorice and Lime' (Licorice and Lime Flax) or the rustic tones of Phormium 'Anna Red' (Anna Red Flax), there’s a variety to suit every taste.

Explore our full collection of flax plants, and discover how these resilient natives can transform your outdoor spaces.


Contact us

Whether you need assistance finding the plant you’re looking for or you simply want to know more about who we are and what we do, we invite you to get in touch with us today. A member of The Plant Company team will get back in touch as soon as possible.

Azara microphylla and Corokia 'Mangatangi' are popular for a reason, but it’s plants like Armeria 'Dream Clouds', Kniphofia 'Dwarf Scarlet' (Hot Poker Plant), and Dietes grandiflora (Fairy Iris) that create a truly unique garden.
–The Plant Company

Explore Garden Inspiration

Sign up to receive a free $10 Voucher You won’t be bombarded with emails, just titbits of quality information from time to time Sign up
Free shipping on orders over $150!

Join our community of happy customers.

4.8

445 Google reviews