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maori flax

Maori flax is one of New Zealand’s most iconic native plants, instantly recognisable by its sword-like leaves and dramatic form. Traditionally known as harakeke, Maori flax (genus Phormium) is deeply embedded in Aotearoa’s cultural heritage and natural landscapes. It's prized not only for its striking appearance, but also for its versatility in gardens and landscaping, where it provides bold texture, structure, and year-round interest. Whether you’re after a resilient feature plant, wish to attract native birds with stunning flax flowers, or want to embrace indigenous planting in your garden, Maori flax stands out as a true Kiwi classic.

Phormium tenax plant in a garden with green foliage.

Phormium tenax

5 from 2 customers

Phormium tenax, commonly known as the NZ flax or Harakeke, is a flax plant that produces erect, green, sword-like leaves. Stems rise above the foliage in summer to bear twisted-looking flowers that result in black seed pods in autumn, and the nectar produced by the flowers attracts both birds and butterflies. Harakeke grows as a clump to about 2 m tall and the same wide, performing best when planted in full sun on a well-drained site. It is a popular landscape option that is also often used to contrast with other plant colours. Mass planting on a bank not only provides an outstanding display but is also excellent for helping to stabilise the soil.

Suited to regions: All regions
Plant type: Flaxes
Height: 2.00 m
Spread: 2.00 m
Flowering time: Summer
Tolerances: Coastal, Extended dry periods, Hardy, Wet, Wind
Garden uses: Banks, Living areas, Parks, Ponds, Pool areas, Specimen
Garden styles: Architectural, Backyard, City & Courtyard, Coastal, Frontyard, Japanese, Mediterranean, Modern, Native, Riparian
dianella-revoluta-kentlyn--2

Dianella Kentlyn

Dianella Kentlyn is a variety of the commonly known, Flax Lily, produces upright, strap-like leaves which are a rich, dark green with a blue undertone. Flower stems rise above the foliage through spring to bear masses of delicate, blue flowers which result in blue berries. It grows to 60 cm tall and 40 cm wide in full sun or partial shade. Dianella Kentlyn is commonly mass planted either as a groundcover or on a bank, included in borders or mixed plantings, planted around the base of large trees, grown around water features such as streams and ponds, or included in cottage gardens. This is a popular plant.

Suited to regions: All regions
Plant type: Flaxes
Height: 60 cm
Spread: 40 cm
Flowering time: Spring
Tolerances: Extended dry periods, Wet
Garden uses: Banks, Borders, Containers, Living areas, Paths & Steps, Ponds, Pool areas
Garden styles: Architectural, Backyard, City & Courtyard, Cottage, Frontyard, Japanese, Mediterranean, Modern
phormium-pepe-

Phormium 'Pepe' (Dwarf Flax)

Phormium Pepe is a smaller variety of Flax that produces narrow and sword-like, bright green leaves. It typically grows to just 45 cm tall and the...

From$20.93
phormium-stripy-mist-

Phormium 'Stripy Mist'

Phormium Stripy Mist is a popular NZ native dwarf flax that features striking green leaves with a chocolate brown centre. It grows as a very tidy...

From$20.93
Leptospermum scoparium (Manuka) shrubs in a native reserve.

Leptospermum scoparium (Manuka)

Leptospermum scoparium, commonly known as Manuka or New Zealand Tea Tree, is a hardy native shrub prized for its aromatic foliage and masses of white...

From$21.53
phormium-veneer-

Phormium 'Veneer'

Phormium Veneer is a colourful and very popular NZ native flax that features striking orange and brown stripes. It grows as a very tidy clump to...

From$20.18
A large Phormium 'Jester' plant with colourful foliage.

Phormium 'Jester'

Phormium 'Jester' is a showy variety of Flax that produces leaves that are striped with a broad, pink central band and a dark purple border. This...

From$24.23
A mass planting of Dianella caerulea 'Little Jess' plants with lush, green foliage.

Dianella 'Little Jess'

Dianella 'Little Jess' is a variety of NZ Flax Lily that bears spikes carrying delicate, blue flowers in spring above lush, mid-green leaves. Small...

From$18.83
A large Phormium 'Evening Glow' plant in a garden.

Phormium 'Evening Glow'

Phormium 'Evening Glow' is a variety of Flax that produces long and broad, sword-like leaves that are coloured various shades of pink and red with a...

From$20.93
phormium-chocomint--2

Phormium 'Chocomint'

Phormium Chocomint is a popular variety of Flax owing to its colourful foliage which brown with green stripes. It grows to 1 m tall and wide in full...

From$24.23
dianella-caerulea-goddess-

Dianella Goddess

Dianella Goddess is a variety of the commonly known, NZ Flax Lily, and produces upright, strap-like leaves which are a rich, dark green with a blue...

From$20.18
Phormium 'Surfer' plants in pots for sale at The Plant Company nursery.

Phormium 'Surfer'

Phormium 'Surfer' is a compact New Zealand native flax admired for its striking green leaves edged with bronze and red tones. Its upright, arching...

From$18.23
phormium-pink-panther-

Phormium 'Pink Panther'

Phormium Pink Panther produces long, sword like leaves that are candy pink with red-bronze margins. This Flax typically grows to 1.2 m tall and the...

From$20.93
Phormium 'Jack Spratt' plants for sale at The Plant Company nursery.

Phormium 'Jack Spratt'

Phormium 'Jack Spratt' is one of the smallest New Zealand native flax varieties, admired for its narrow, upright leaves in rich bronze to dark...

From$18.23
Phormium 'Black Pepe' dwarf flax plant.

Phormium 'Black Pepe' (Dwarf Black Flax)

Phormium 'Black Pepe' is a dwarf Flax variety that produces black leaves with a purple overtone. It grows to 60 cm tall and the same wide in full sun...

From$18.23
Phormium 'Surfer Bronze' plants for sale at The Plant Company nursery.

Phormium 'Surfer Bronze'

Phormium 'Surfer Bronze' is a compact and stylish New Zealand native flax with narrow, upright leaves in rich bronze tones. This striking ornamental...

From$18.23
phormium-velvet-underground-1

Phormium 'Velvet Underground'

Phormium Velvet Underground is a colourful NZ native flax that features striking grey foliage with pink stripes. It grows as a very tidy clump to...

From$20.93

Phormium cookianum

Phormium cookianum, commonly known as Mountain Flax or Wharariki, is a graceful New Zealand native valued for its arching green leaves and tall...

From$17.48
dianella-blaze-

Dianella Blaze

Dianella Blaze features broad and gently arching, bronze-purple leaves that are very showy. It typically grows to 70 cm tall and the same wide...

From$16.13
Phormium 'Green Dwarf' flax plant in a native garden with Oioi plants.

Phormium 'Green Dwarf'

Phormium 'Green Dwarf', also known as Dwarf Green Flax, is a compact, tidy New Zealand flax cultivar with lush, bright green, strap-like leaves. It...

From$16.13
Dianella revoluta 'Little Rev' plants in a garden.

Dianella 'Little Rev'

Dianella 'Little Rev' is a compact, clump-forming evergreen known for its striking blue-grey foliage and architectural form. This Blue Flax-Lily...

From$20.18
Phormium 'Emerald Gem' in a native garden.

Phormium 'Emerald Gem'

Phormium 'Emerald Gem' is a dwarf variety of Mountain Flax or Wharariki. It produces emerald-green leaves and grows to 60 cm tall and 70 cm wide in...

From$16.13
A large Metrosideros 'Maori Princess' trees in an avenue with masses of red flowers.

Metrosideros 'Maori Princess'

Metrosideros 'Maori Princess' is a stunning cultivar of the NZ Christmas tree (Pohutukawa) and is renowned for its brilliant crimson-red flowers and...

From$28.28
Dianella Revelation plants growing in a garden.

Dianella 'Revelation'

Dianella 'Revelation' features flower stems that rise above the foliage through spring and summer to bear masses of delicate, blue flowers, which...

From$16.13
A large Beilschmiedia tawa (Tawa tree).

Beilschmiedia tawa (Tawa Tree)

Beilschmiedia tawa, commonly known as the Tawa Tree, is a tall and graceful evergreen native to New Zealand. It is admired for its straight trunk...

From$277.74
Dianella 'Margaret Pringle' plant in a pot.

Dianella 'Margaret Pringle'

Dianella 'Margaret Pringle' bears spikes carrying delicate, blue flowers in spring, which are followed by small, blue berries in summer. These are...

From$18.83
Dianella revoluta 'Blue Twist' plant.

Dianella Blue Twist

Dianella Blue Twist bears spikes that may reach 1 m in length carrying delicate, light blue flowers. These are held above the blue-green, strap-like...

From$18.83
Astelia Frosted Bronze plants with colourful foliage in a pot.

Astelia 'Frosted Bronze'

Astelia 'Frosted Bronze' features striking and colourful foliage. The new leaves emerge a red-bronze colour and age to become silver with a hint of...

From$29.63
Cordyline australis 'Red Star' plants with fabulous dark red-purple foliage.

Cordyline Red Star

Cordyline 'Red Star' is a popular evergreen plant renowned for its striking, deep red, sword-like leaves, which add a strong architectural form to...

From$21.53
cordyline-lime-fountain-3

Cordyline Lime Fountain

Cordyline 'Lime Foutain' is a fresh and vibrant evergreen plant admired for its bright lime green foliage and graceful fountain like form. The...

From$29.63
Phormium tenax

Did you find what you are looking for?

You might be interested in exploring related Latin Names - Astelia, Beilschmiedia, Cordyline, Dianella, Leptospermum Metrosideros and Phormium, or related Categories - Flaxes Evergreen Shrubs and Evergreen Trees.

Search maori flax

What is Maori Flax?

Maori flax refers to native New Zealand flaxes from the Phormium genus, mainly Phormium tenax and Phormium cookianum. These evergreen perennials are known for their long, fibrous leaves, tall flowering spikes, and adaptable nature. Traditionally, harakeke has been used by Māori for weaving, rope-making, and cultural activities, thanks to its strong fibres. In modern gardens, Maori flax boasts hardy, easy-care qualities, thriving in coastal plantings, mass plantings, or as striking specimen plants.

For those interested in the classic species, Phormium tenax is the true harakeke, growing up to 3 metres tall with sturdy foliage and signature orange-red flower spikes that birds love.

Popular Maori Flax Varieties

Today, there are many cultivars of Maori flax, each differing in size, colour, and leaf shape. While the traditional forms provide a bold statement, modern hybrids offer a palette of shades for contemporary and native plantings. If you’re looking for a majestic, upright feature with deep burgundy tones, Phormium 'Maori Chief' is a superb choice. This cultivar brings dramatic flare and year-round structure, perfect for home gardens or commercial landscapes.

For something a little more compact, Phormium 'Red Fingers' (Red Fingers Flax) delivers vibrant red leaves ideal for borders or container planting. Those after a more subtle, elegant look may prefer Phormium 'Moonraker' (Moonraker Flax), featuring soft green and cream striped foliage that lights up any corner. And for a playful, smaller variety, Phormium 'Surfer Boy' (Surfer Boy Flax) offers slender, arching leaves suited to modern or coastal gardens.

Growing and Using Maori Flax

Maori flax is one of the hardest working plants in a New Zealand garden. It tolerates wind, salt spray, drought, and wet feet, making it suitable for everything from rural shelter belts to urban courtyard features. It’s low maintenance—just trim old leaves to keep clumps tidy and divide mature plants if they get too large.

Flax flowers are an important nectar source for tūī and bellbirds, adding life and movement to your garden. The structural foliage pairs beautifully with native grasses and pittosporum, bringing a sense of place and timeless appeal. Whether you’re boosting biodiversity, reinforcing slopes, or creating a feature with New Zealand native plants, Maori flax delivers practical beauty combined with cultural significance.

If you’re looking to buy Maori flax for your project, explore our wide range of Phormium 'Maori Chief', Phormium tenax, Phormium 'Red Fingers' (Red Fingers Flax), Phormium 'Surfer Boy' (Surfer Boy Flax), and Phormium 'Moonraker' (Moonraker Flax) to find the perfect match for your landscape.

Choose Maori Flax for Timeless New Zealand Gardens

With its roots deeply woven into the story of Aotearoa, Maori flax is unparalleled for authenticity, resilience, and beauty. Incorporate it into your planting scheme for an enduring nod to New Zealand’s natural and cultural heritage. Whether mass planted, woven among natives, or showcased in bold garden designs, Maori flax remains a hallmark of good Kiwi gardening.


Contact us

Whether you need assistance finding the plant you’re looking for or you simply want to know more about who we are and what we do, we invite you to get in touch with us today. A member of The Plant Company team will get back in touch as soon as possible.

Corokia Bronze King and Stromanthe Triostar (Stromanthe Plant) may be the stars of the show, but unsung heroes like Phormium 'Velvet Underground', Camellia sasanqua Sparkling Burgundy, and Magnolia Iolanthe deserve a moment in the sun.
–The Plant Company

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