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black flax

Black flax is a distinctive and dramatic perennial native to New Zealand, prized by gardeners for its rich, near-black foliage that brings stunning contrast and bold architectural structure to plantings. Whether used as a statement feature in contemporary landscapes or to add evergreen texture to mixed borders, black flax offers year-round impact with its upright, sword-like leaves and resilience in a variety of garden settings. Its adaptability to coastal gardens, resilience to wind and salt spray, and natural disease resistance make black flax a favourite choice for New Zealand gardens and landscaping projects, both large and small.

Phormium 'Black Pepe' dwarf flax plant.

Phormium 'Black Pepe' (Dwarf Black Flax)

Phormium 'Black Pepe' is a dwarf Flax variety that produces black leaves with a purple overtone. It grows to 60 cm tall and the same wide in full sun on a well-drained site. Phormium 'Black Pepe' is added to mixed plantings, border plantings, coastal gardens, or planted around pool and barbecue areas.

Suited to regions: All regions
Plant type: Flaxes
Height: 60 cm
Spread: 60 cm
Flowering time: Summer
Tolerances: Coastal, Extended dry periods, Hardy, Wet, Wind
Garden uses: Borders, Containers, Living areas, Paths & Steps, Patios, Ponds, Pool areas
Garden styles: Architectural, Backyard, City & Courtyard, Coastal, Frontyard, Mediterranean, Modern, Native, Riparian
Phormium tenax plant in a garden with green foliage.

Phormium tenax

5 from 2 customers

Phormium tenax, commonly known as the NZ flax or Harakeke, is a flax plant that produces erect, green, sword-like leaves. Stems rise above the foliage in summer to bear twisted-looking flowers that result in black seed pods in autumn, and the nectar produced by the flowers attracts both birds and butterflies. Harakeke grows as a clump to about 2 m tall and the same wide, performing best when planted in full sun on a well-drained site. It is a popular landscape option that is also often used to contrast with other plant colours. Mass planting on a bank not only provides an outstanding display but is also excellent for helping to stabilise the soil.

Suited to regions: All regions
Plant type: Flaxes
Height: 2.00 m
Spread: 2.00 m
Flowering time: Summer
Tolerances: Coastal, Extended dry periods, Hardy, Wet, Wind
Garden uses: Banks, Living areas, Parks, Ponds, Pool areas, Specimen
Garden styles: Architectural, Backyard, City & Courtyard, Coastal, Frontyard, Japanese, Mediterranean, Modern, Native, Riparian
Phormium 'Surfer Bronze' plants for sale at The Plant Company nursery.

Phormium 'Surfer Bronze'

Phormium 'Surfer Bronze' is a compact and stylish New Zealand native flax with narrow, upright leaves in rich bronze tones. This striking ornamental...

From$18.23
Phormium 'Jack Spratt' plants for sale at The Plant Company nursery.

Phormium 'Jack Spratt'

Phormium 'Jack Spratt' is one of the smallest New Zealand native flax varieties, admired for its narrow, upright leaves in rich bronze to dark...

From$18.23
A large Phormium 'Jester' plant with colourful foliage.

Phormium 'Jester'

Phormium 'Jester' is a showy variety of Flax that produces leaves that are striped with a broad, pink central band and a dark purple border. This...

From$24.23
A large Phormium 'Evening Glow' plant in a garden.

Phormium 'Evening Glow'

Phormium 'Evening Glow' is a variety of Flax that produces long and broad, sword-like leaves that are coloured various shades of pink and red with a...

From$20.93
Phormium 'Surfer' plants in pots for sale at The Plant Company nursery.

Phormium 'Surfer'

Phormium 'Surfer' is a compact New Zealand native flax admired for its striking green leaves edged with bronze and red tones. Its upright, arching...

From$18.23
Phormium 'Emerald Gem' in a native garden.

Phormium 'Emerald Gem'

Phormium 'Emerald Gem' is a dwarf variety of Mountain Flax or Wharariki. It produces emerald-green leaves and grows to 60 cm tall and 70 cm wide in...

From$16.13

Phormium cookianum

Phormium cookianum, commonly known as Mountain Flax or Wharariki, is a graceful New Zealand native valued for its arching green leaves and tall...

From$17.48
Phormium 'Green Dwarf' flax plant in a native garden with Oioi plants.

Phormium 'Green Dwarf'

Phormium 'Green Dwarf', also known as Dwarf Green Flax, is a compact, tidy New Zealand flax cultivar with lush, bright green, strap-like leaves. It...

From$16.13
phormium-stripy-mist-

Phormium 'Stripy Mist'

Phormium Stripy Mist is a popular NZ native dwarf flax that features striking green leaves with a chocolate brown centre. It grows as a very tidy...

From$20.93
Ophiopogon planiscapus nigrescens (Black Mondo) plants with lush, black foliage.

Ophiopogon japonicus nigrescens

Ophiopogon japonicus nigrescens, commonly known as Black Mondo Grass, is a clump-forming plant with fine, near black foliage. The foliage is...

From$8.78
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Weedmat (Weedmat 1.83 m wide x 50 m roll )

Our black polypropylene Weedmat provides long-term and superior weed suppression. It has been UV stabilised for NZ conditions and allows water to...

From$242.00
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Phormium 'Chocomint'

Phormium Chocomint is a popular variety of Flax owing to its colourful foliage which brown with green stripes. It grows to 1 m tall and wide in full...

From$24.23
Hebe 'Black Satin' plant with dark foliage and pink flowers.

Hebe Black Satin

Hebe Black Satin is a popular variety of Hebe due to both its colourful foliage and flowers. It grows as a rounded shrub carrying glossy, dark purple...

From$25.58
Large Phyllostachys nigra (Black Bamboo) plants growing in clumps beside a path.

Phyllostachys nigra

Phyllostachys nigra, commonly known as Black Bamboo, is one of the more elegant and interesting bamboo varieties. It features erect, black stems that...

From$759.69
Ophiopogon 'Black Dragon' (Black Mondo) grass plant.

Ophiopogon Black Dragon

Ophiopogon planiscapus 'Black Dragon' is a variety of black Mondo Grass that is grown for its fine, near black foliage. The foliage is complemented...

From$8.78
phormium-veneer-

Phormium 'Veneer'

Phormium Veneer is a colourful and very popular NZ native flax that features striking orange and brown stripes. It grows as a very tidy clump to...

From$20.18
Sansevieria 'Black Coral' plants growing in pots.

Sansevieria Black Coral

Sansevieria Black Coral is a variety of the commonly known, Variegated Snake Plant or Mother in Law’s Tongue, and is a very popular indoor plant. It...

From$37.73
Ribes 'Black Magnus' black currant shrub with lustrous black berries.

Ribes 'Black Magnus'

Ribes 'Black Magnus' is a vigorous and productive black currant variety prized in NZ gardens for its rich flavoured berries and strong cropping...

From$29.63
Canna 'Tropicanna Black' in a garden with red flowers and dark foliage.

Canna 'Tropicanna Black'

Canna 'Tropicanna Black' is a dramatic tropical perennial known for its deep burgundy foliage and vivid red flowers. This bold plant adds strong...

From$22.88
phormium-pepe-

Phormium 'Pepe' (Dwarf Flax)

Phormium Pepe is a smaller variety of Flax that produces narrow and sword-like, bright green leaves. It typically grows to just 45 cm tall and the...

From$20.93
dianella-revoluta-kentlyn--2

Dianella Kentlyn

Dianella Kentlyn is a variety of the commonly known, Flax Lily, produces upright, strap-like leaves which are a rich, dark green with a blue...

From$16.13
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Grape Steubens

Grape Steubens is a popular variety of eating grape that produces fabulous fruit that ripen in autumn. It features clusters of medium sized...

From$29.63
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Pittosporum Irish Luck (Black Matipo)

Caring for Sophora 'Goldies Mantle' is simple and low maintenance. Pruning after flowering will help maintain its shape and encourage fresh growth...

From$21.53
Ficus Black Knight growing in a pot with lush, dark foliage.

Ficus Black Knight

Ficus ‘Black Knight’ is a striking indoor plant characterised by its large, glossy leaves, which range from deep green to nearly black tones. This...

From$36.38
Coprosma 'Black Cloud' shrub in a garden with black and green foliage.

Coprosma 'Black Cloud' (Black Coprosma)

Coprosma 'Black Cloud' is a striking evergreen shrub valued for its deep near black foliage and compact growth habit. Well suited to New Zealand...

From$17.48
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Dianella Goddess

Dianella Goddess is a variety of the commonly known, NZ Flax Lily, and produces upright, strap-like leaves which are a rich, dark green with a blue...

From$20.18
Camellia 'Black Magic' red flower.

Camellia Black Magic

Camellia Black Magic produces dark, velvet red, semi-double flowers from spring through early summer. This evergreen produces semi-glossy, green...

From$37.73
Stunning Wisteria 'Black Dragon' purple and pink flowers.

Wisteria Black Dragon

Wisteria ‘Black Dragon’ is a spectacular flowering climber renowned for its double deep violet purple flowers that hang in dramatic cascading...

From$26.93
phormium-velvet-underground-1

Phormium 'Velvet Underground'

Phormium Velvet Underground is a colourful NZ native flax that features striking grey foliage with pink stripes. It grows as a very tidy clump to...

From$20.93
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2m wide Black Polythene

This polythene is 80 microns thick, very durable, and suits a host of different uses. Please enquire about larger sizes and heavier grades.

From$254.60
Phormium 'Black Pepe' (Dwarf Black Flax)

Did you find what you are looking for?

You might be interested in exploring related Latin Names - Camellia, Canna, Coprosma, Dianella, Ficus, Grape, Hebe, Ophiopogon, Phormium, Phyllostachys, Pittosporum, Ribes Sansevieria and Wisteria, or related Categories - Black polythene, Weedmat, Currants, Deciduous Climbers, Flaxes, Grapevines, Mondo Grass, Groundcover Plants, Indoor Plants Perennials and Evergreen Shrubs.

Search black flax

What is Black Flax?

Black flax refers to a collection of darker-leaved cultivars from the Phormium genus, especially Phormium tenax and its hybrids, which are commonly known as New Zealand flax. These cultivars are bred for their deep, almost black foliage, bringing a modern twist to a classic native plant. Black flax varieties typically grow in clumps, with foliage ranging from glossy, jet-black to deep burgundy shades, and most will produce tall flower spikes in summer that attract native bellbirds and tui.

Popular Black Flax Varieties

Several cultivated forms of black flax are available for New Zealand gardeners:

All these varieties are derived from or related to the classic Phormium tenax, the iconic New Zealand flax from which many striking cultivars have been developed.

How to Grow and Use Black Flax

Black flax thrives in full sun to part shade and tolerates a wide range of soil types, from sandy coastal soils to heavy clay, provided drainage is reasonable. In landscaping, black flax shines as an architectural accent, in mass plantings for texture, or as a low-maintenance, drought-tolerant specimen in native and modern gardens alike. For smaller spaces, dwarf cultivars offer versatile options for pots and borders.

Care Tips

Why Choose Black Flax for Your Garden?

Choosing black flax allows you to create year-round structure, bold foliage contrast, and habitat for birds in your garden. With a range of cultivars such as Phormium 'Black Magic', Phormium 'Platts Black', Phormium 'Black Pepe' (Dwarf Black Flax), and Phormium 'Black Rage', there's a black flax to suit every style and scale of garden, bringing a touch of New Zealand's natural beauty to your landscape.


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–The Plant Company

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