Willow Trees In NZ: Growing and Care Guide for NZ Gardens

Willow Trees in NZ

There are several willow tree varieties suitable for New Zealand gardens. Understanding the differences can help you choose the right tree for your space and needs.

How to Grow Willow Trees in NZ

Planting Willow trees is relatively straightforward, but they require specific conditions to thrive.

Choosing the Right Location

• Willow trees prefer moist, well-drained soil and full sun. They are often found near water sources like rivers and ponds. When choosing a location, ensure there is enough space for the tree to grow without interfering with structures or other plants.

Planting Your Willow Tree

• The best time to plant willow trees is during the cooler months, from late autumn to early spring. This gives the tree time to establish roots before the warmer months.
• Dig a hole twice as wide and deep as the root ball. This will allow the roots to spread out easily.
• Place the tree in the hole, making sure the root flare is level with the soil surface. Backfill the hole with soil, pressing down gently to eliminate air pockets.
• Water the tree thoroughly after planting. Willows love water, so ensure they receive plenty during dry spells.

Popular Willow Tree Varieties

Popular willow tree varieties include graceful weeping willows, hardy goat willows, and fast-growing corkscrew willows. These trees are prized for their elegant branches, rapid growth, and versatility in gardens and landscapes:

• Weeping Willow (Salix babylonica): Known for its cascading branches, the weeping willow is one of the most iconic willow varieties. It's perfect for adding a touch of elegance to any garden.
• Golden Willow (Salix vitellina Pendula Aurea): This variety is recognized for its striking golden-yellow branches that stand out, especially in winter.
• Goat Willow (Salix caprea): A smaller variety, goat willow is suitable for smaller gardens and is known for its furry catkins in spring.
• Corkscrew Willow (Salix matsudana Tortuosa): Salix matsudana ‘Tortuosa’ is a striking corkscrew willow known for its twisted branches and architectural garden appeal.

The Benefits of Willow Trees in NZ Landscaping

Willow trees are not only beautiful but also serve practical purposes in landscaping.

Shelter and Windbreaks

• Fast-growing varieties like the crack willow are excellent for creating windbreaks. Their dense foliage provides shelter for gardens and homes, reducing wind damage.

Soil Stabilization

• Willow trees have extensive root systems that help stabilize soil, making them ideal for planting near riverbanks and slopes to prevent erosion.

Aesthetic Appeal

• The graceful form of willow trees adds elegance to any landscape. Their seasonal changes, from vibrant green in summer to golden hues in autumn, provide year-round interest.

Fast Growing Willows for Immediate Impact

• If you're looking for quick results, consider fast-growing willow varieties. These can quickly fill in gaps in your landscape or provide immediate shelter.

Growth Rate Considerations

• Willow trees are among the fastest-growing trees, with some varieties growing up to 3 metres per year. However, their rapid growth also means they require regular maintenance to manage their size and shape.

Willow Tree Care and Maintenance in NZ

Proper care and maintenance will ensure your willow tree remains healthy and vibrant.

Watering and Fertilizing

• Willow trees require regular watering, especially during dry periods. While they thrive in damp conditions, avoid waterlogging the soil. Fertilize annually with tree fertiliser to promote healthy growth.

Pruning Your Willow Tree

• Pruning is essential to maintain the shape and health of your willow tree. Here's how to do it:
• Prune in late winter or early spring before new growth begins.
• Remove any dead or damaged branches. Thin out overcrowded areas to improve air circulation. For weeping varieties, trim the ends of the branches to maintain their cascading appearance.

Pest and Disease Management

• Willow trees are generally hardy but can be susceptible to pests like aphids and diseases such as canker. Regularly inspect your tree for signs of infestation or disease and treat promptly with appropriate remedies.