Quince Tree Care Guide: How to Grow and Maintain Quince Trees in NZ

Quince trees in NZ

Whether you're a seasoned gardener or a beginner, this guide will walk you through the essentials of quince tree care in NZ.

Choosing the Best Quince Tree Variety

The two most popular Quince varieties in New Zealand are:

• Smyrna Quince: Produces large, round fruit with a strong aroma.
• Pineapple Quince: A compact, flowering shrub known for its pineapple-scented blossoms and bright orange-red fruit.

The Plant Company does have other Quince varieties from time to time and they are well worth checking out.

When to Plant Quince Trees

The best time to plant quince trees in NZ is during the dormant season, from late autumn to early spring. This allows the roots to establish before the growing season begins along with the heat of summer. Choose a sunny location with well-drained soil to ensure the best growth for your quince tree.

Planting Quince Trees

• Clear the planting area of weeds and debris. Dig a hole twice as wide and as deep as the root ball.
• Place the quince tree in the hole, ensuring the graft union is above the soil line. Fill the hole with soil, firming it gently around the roots.
• After planting, water the tree thoroughly to settle the soil and eliminate air pockets.
• Apply a layer of organic mulch around the base of the tree to retain moisture and suppress weeds.
• Stake the tree for additional support.
• Scatter fruit tree fertiliser around the base of the tree in spring. NB: do not put fertiliser in the hole at planting as this can cause plant injury.

Quince Tree Pruning

Pruning Quince trees is essential to maintain healthy growth, improve fruit quality, and manage tree shape. The best time to prune is during late winter or early spring while the tree is still dormant. Start by removing any dead, damaged, or crossing branches to promote airflow and reduce disease risk. Thin out crowded branches to allow sunlight penetration, which enhances fruit ripening. Avoid heavy pruning as quince trees fruit on old wood; instead, focus on light shaping and removing suckers from the base. Regular pruning encourages a strong framework and supports a better harvest.

When Do Quince Trees Flower?

Quince trees typically flower in spring, from September to November in New Zealand. The stunning pink or white blossoms are not only a visual delight but also attract pollinators to your garden, aiding in fruit set.

Quince Tree Watering and Fertiliser

Quince trees require regular watering, especially during dry spells. Ensure the soil remains consistently moist but not waterlogged. Over-watering can lead to root rot, so it's essential to balance moisture levels.

Feed quince trees with fruit tree fertiliser in early spring before new growth begins. Follow up with a potassium-rich feed in mid-summer to support fruit development. Avoid over-fertilizing, as this can lead to excessive leaf growth and won’t give any additional benefit.

What Does a Quince Tree Look Like?

Quince trees are small to medium-sized deciduous trees, typically reaching heights of 4 to 5 metres. They have a twisted, gnarled appearance with a dense canopy. The leaves are dark green, turning yellow in autumn. In spring, quince trees produce large, beautiful pink or white flowers, making them an attractive addition to any garden.

Pest and Disease Management

Quince trees can fall victim to various pests and diseases. Common issues include:

• Fire Blight: A bacterial disease that causes blackened leaves and branches. Prune affected areas and apply a copper-based fungicide.
• Scale Insects: Small, sap-sucking pests that weaken the tree. Treat with horticultural oil.
• Quince Moth: Larvae that tunnel into fruit. Use pheromone traps to monitor and control infestations.

Regular monitoring and early intervention are key to managing quince tree pests and diseases effectively.

Quince Tree Leaves Turning Brown

If you notice quince tree leaves turning brown, it may indicate a problem. Common causes include:

• Underwatering: Ensure consistent soil moisture.
• Nutrient Deficiency: Apply a balanced fertilizer.
• Disease: Inspect for signs of infection and treat accordingly.
• Addressing these issues promptly will help maintain your quince tree's health and vigour.